PEM® self-clinching concealed-head studs and standoffs install permanently in steel or aluminum sheets as thin as 1.6mm to provide strong and reusable threads for mating hardware in a wide range of thin-metal assembly applications. Their concealed-head feature contributes particular design benefits by allowing the side of the sheet opposite installation to remain smooth and untouched. This feature additionally serves to satisfy applications where the sheet must remain completely sealed from air, liquid, dust, gases, or other potentially infiltrating elements.